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What Is an EPC?

An Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) rates a property’s energy efficiency on a scale from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient). Every property in England and Wales that is sold or rented must have a valid EPC. Certificates are valid for 10 years.

What Does an EPC Show?

An EPC includes:

• Current energy rating: A score from 1-100 and a band from A to G.
• Potential energy rating: What the property could achieve with recommended improvements.
• Estimated energy costs: Approximate annual costs for heating, hot water and lighting.
• Recommendations: Suggested improvements such as insulation, double glazing or a more efficient boiler, with estimated cost savings.

Why EPC Ratings Matter

A better EPC rating means lower energy bills. Properties rated A or B can cost hundreds of pounds less per year to heat than those rated E, F or G. EPC ratings also affect property values: studies suggest that moving up one EPC band can add around 5% to a property’s sale price.

For landlords, the Minimum Energy Efficiency Standard (MEES) requires rental properties to have at least an E rating. The government has indicated plans to raise this to C for new tenancies, making EPC ratings increasingly important.

How to Improve Your EPC Rating

• Loft insulation: One of the cheapest and most effective upgrades, typically improving a rating by one band.
• Cavity wall insulation: Can significantly reduce heat loss in older properties.
• Double or triple glazing: Reduces heat loss through windows.
• Boiler upgrade: Replacing an old boiler with a modern condensing model or heat pump.
• Solar panels: Generate your own electricity and improve your rating.